منابع مشابه
Introduction to surrogate markers.
T he clinical complications of atherosclerosis and atherothrombotic disease represent the major causes of morbidity and mortality in the United States and worldwide. The disorders that shorten life expectancy include myocardial infarction and ischemia, heart failure, stroke, renal failure, peripheral vascular disease, sudden death, and dementia, in all of which atherothrombotic disease is the m...
متن کاملSurrogate markers for cardiovascular disease: functional markers.
Endothelial Dysfunction The endothelium constitutes the largest organ system in the body. “Endothelial function” refers to a multitude of physiological functions of the vascular endothelium that are achieved via secretion of diverse bioactive substances. This renders the endothelium an active participant in healthy homeostasis of the vascular wall that includes normal vasomotion, inhibition of ...
متن کاملSurrogate markers for cardiovascular disease: structural markers.
Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Pignoli et al1 validated the concept that intima-media thickness (IMT), as measured by B-mode ultrasound and applied either in vitro or in situ at the time of autopsy, reflected direct measurements of aortic and/or carotid specimens. Values obtained by ultrasound at autopsy and by direct measurement were similar to those obtained from living subjects. The characte...
متن کاملSurrogate sonographic markers of atherosclerosis.
Surrogate Sonographic Markers of Atherosclerosis To the Editor: We read with interest the work of Staub and coworkers for the comparison of internal carotid artery resistive index (RI) with the common carotid artery intima-media thickness in the prediction of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The authors suggest the use of Purcelot criteria for the measurement of RI as a predictor of card...
متن کاملSurrogate markers for atherosclerotic disease.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Novel treatment modalities for cardiovascular prevention are emerging rapidly. Since it is virtually impossible to evaluate all these new compounds in long-term trials using clinical end points, there is an urgent need for validated surrogate markers of atherosclerosis to save both time and costs. Over the last decade, the use of imaging markers has been widely introduced into...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Circulation
سال: 2004
ISSN: 0009-7322,1524-4539
DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.0000133441.05780.1d